Overview

The CBSE Class 10 Mathematics syllabus for 2027 is designed to develop problem-solving skills and logical reasoning among students. Future Topper provides you with the complete and updated syllabus to help you plan your studies effectively for the academic year 2026-27.

The curriculum focuses on building a strong foundation in mathematical concepts that are essential for higher education. Understanding the complete syllabus is crucial for scoring high marks in the board examinations scheduled for 2027.

CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2026-27

Unit I: Number Systems (06 Marks)

Real Numbers

•        Euclid's division lemma

•        Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic - statements after reviewing work done earlier and after illustrating and motivating through examples

•        Proofs of irrationality of √2, √3, √5

•        Decimal representation of rational numbers in terms of terminating/non-terminating recurring decimals

Unit II: Algebra (20 Marks)

1. Polynomials

•        Zeros of a polynomial

•        Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials

•        Statement and simple problems on division algorithm for polynomials with real coefficients

2. Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables

•        Pair of linear equations in two variables and their graphical representation

•        Consistency/inconsistency of systems of linear equations

•        Algebraic conditions for number of solutions

•        Solution of a pair of linear equations by substitution, elimination, and cross-multiplication methods

•        Simple situational problems

3. Quadratic Equations

•        Standard form of a quadratic equation

•        Solutions of quadratic equations (only real roots) by factorization and completing the square method

•        Relationship between discriminant and nature of roots

•        Situational problems based on quadratic equations related to day-to-day activities

4. Arithmetic Progressions

•        Motivation for studying Arithmetic Progression

•        Derivation of the nth term and sum of first n terms of A.P.

•        Application in solving daily life problems

Unit III: Coordinate Geometry (06 Marks)

Coordinate Geometry

•        Review: Concepts of coordinate geometry done earlier

•        Graphs of linear equations

•        Distance formula

•        Section formula (internal division)

•        Area of a triangle

Unit IV: Geometry (15 Marks)

1. Triangles

•        Definitions, examples, and counterexamples of similar triangles

•        Proof: If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio

•        Proof: If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, the line is parallel to the third side

•        Proof: If in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, their corresponding sides are proportional and the triangles are similar

•        Proof: If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, their corresponding angles are equal and the two triangles are similar

•        Proof: If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the sides including these angles are proportional, the two triangles are similar

•        Proof: If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a right triangle to the hypotenuse, the triangles on each side of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and to each other

•        Proof: The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of their corresponding sides

•        Proof: In a right triangle, the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides (Pythagoras Theorem)

•        Proof: In a triangle, if the square on one side is equal to sum of the squares on the other two sides, the angle opposite to the first side is a right angle

2. Circles

•        Tangent to a circle at point of contact

•        Proof: The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular to the radius through the point of contact

•        Proof: The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a circle are equal

3. Constructions

•        Division of a line segment in a given ratio (internally)

•        Tangents to a circle from a point outside it

•        Construction of a triangle similar to a given triangle

Unit V: Trigonometry (12 Marks)

1. Introduction to Trigonometry

•        Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle

•        Proof of their existence (well defined)

•        Motivating the ratios whichever are defined at 0° and 90°

•        Values of the trigonometric ratios of 30°, 45°, and 60°

•        Relationships between the ratios

•        Trigonometric Identities: Proof and applications of the identity sin²A + cos²A = 1

•        Only simple identities to be given

2. Heights and Distances

•        Simple problems on heights and distances

•        Problems should not involve more than two right triangles

•        Angles of elevation/depression should be only 30°, 45°, 60°

Unit VI: Mensuration (10 Marks)

Areas Related to Circles

•        Motivate the area of a circle

•        Area of sectors and segments of a circle

•        Problems based on areas and perimeter/circumference of circles, sectors, and segments

•        Plane figures involving triangles, simple quadrilaterals, and circles

Surface Areas and Volumes

•        Surface areas and volumes of combinations of any two of: cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres, and right circular cylinders/cones

•        Frustum of a cone

•        Problems involving converting one type of metallic solid into another and other mixed problems

Unit VII: Statistics and Probability (11 Marks)

1. Statistics

•        Mean, median, and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided)

•        Cumulative frequency graph

2. Probability

•        Classical definition of probability

•        Simple problems on finding the probability of an event

•        Connection with probability as given in Class IX

Examination Structure for 2027 Board Exams

Internal Assessment: 20 Marks

•        Pen and Paper Test: 10 Marks

•        Multiple Assessment: 05 Marks

•        Portfolio: 05 Marks

Total Marks: 100

Question Paper Design 2026-27

The question paper will be divided into four sections:

•        Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) and Assertion-Reason type questions

•        Section B: Very Short Answer Type Questions (2 marks each)

•        Section C: Short Answer Type Questions (3 marks each)

•        Section D: Long Answer Type Questions (5 marks each)

Note: Case study-based questions may be included as per the latest CBSE pattern.

Important Dates for Class 10 Board Exams 2027

•        Academic Session: April 2026 - March 2027

•        Board Exams: Expected in February-March 2027

•        Result Declaration: Expected in May 2027

Check the official CBSE website for exact dates as they will be announced closer to the examination period.

Key Focus Areas for High Scores

•        Algebra (20 marks): Maximum weightage, requires thorough practice

•        Geometry (15 marks): Learn all theorems with proofs

•        Trigonometry (12 marks): Master trigonometric identities and their applications

•        Statistics & Probability (11 marks): Practice data interpretation questions

•        Mensuration (10 marks): Focus on formula-based problems

Study Tips for CBSE Class 10 Maths 2027

•        Start Early: Begin your preparation from the start of the academic year

•        NCERT is the Bible: 80% of board exam questions come directly from NCERT

•        Practice Daily: Solve at least 5-10 problems every day

•        Create Formula Sheets: Compile all formulas chapter-wise for quick revision

•        Understand, Don't Memorize: Focus on understanding concepts rather than rote learning

•        Previous Year Papers: Solve last 10 years' question papers

•        Time Management: Practice solving papers within the 3-hour time limit

•        Clarify Doubts Immediately: Don't let doubts pile up; ask teachers or use online resources

Recommended Books for 2027 Exam Preparation

•        NCERT Mathematics Textbook (Primary resource)

•        NCERT Exemplar Problems

•        RD Sharma Class 10

•        RS Aggarwal Class 10

•        Previous Years' Solved Papers

•        Sample Papers by CBSE

Scoring Tips for Mathematics Board Exam 2027

•        Write step-by-step solutions clearly

•        Draw neat diagrams with proper labeling

•        Mention formulas before applying them

•        Double-check calculations

•        Manage time to attempt all questions

•        Attempt easy questions first to build confidence

•        Leave proper margins and write legibly

•        Review your answer sheet before submission

Common Mistakes to Avoid

•        Skipping NCERT textbook exercises

•        Not practicing constructions regularly

•        Ignoring theorems and proofs

•        Poor time management during exams

•        Not showing complete working in solutions

•        Overlooking negative marking in objective questions (if applicable)

•        Careless calculation errors

•        Not reading questions carefully

Start your journey to success with Future Topper - Your trusted partner for CBSE Board Exam 2027 preparation!

Last Updated: Academic Session 2026-27

Disclaimer: This syllabus is based on the current CBSE pattern. Students are advised to check the official CBSE website regularly for any updates or changes.