Complete syllabus for Hindi Core and Hindi Elective with all sections, chapters, topics, marks distribution, exam pattern, study tips and scoring strategies.

Quick Overview

Exam Structure 2026-27

Hindi Core (Code 302) - Theory Paper Pattern (80 Marks)

Hindi Core Internal Assessment (20 Marks)

Hindi Elective (Code 922) - Theory Paper Pattern (100 Marks)

Section-Wise Marks Distribution 2026-27

Hindi Core (Code 302)

Hindi Core Complete Syllabus 2026-27

Section A: Apathit Bodh (Unseen Comprehension) - 16 Marks

•      Gadya Apathit Gaddyansh: one unseen prose passage with comprehension questions

•      Kavya Apathit: one unseen poem with comprehension and appreciation questions

•      Questions test: meaning, inference, vocabulary and language use

•      Both passages are from outside the textbook

Section B: Karya Vyavharik Hindi (Functional Writing) - 20 Marks

•      Patra Lekhan (Letter Writing): formal and informal letters

•      Avedan Patra: job applications, complaint letters, official requests

•      Suchna Lekhan (Notice Writing): school, office, public notices

•      Sandesh Lekhan (Message Writing): formal and informal messages

•      Vigyapan (Advertisement Writing): product and public service ads

•      Laghu Katha or Anuchhed (Short Story or Paragraph Writing)

Section C: Aroh Bhag 2 - 24 Marks

Kavya Khand (Poetry)

•      Harivansh Rai Bachchan - Madhushala (selected stanzas)

•      Agyeya - Yeh Danturit Muskaan, Ek Kutte ki Maut

•      Kunwar Narayan - Kavitayen

•      Raghuveer Sahay - Kavitayen

•      Shamsher Bahadur Singh - Kavitayen

•      Tulsidas - Kavitavali, Laxman-Parshuram Samvad

•      Firaq Gorakhpuri - Rubaiyan, Gazal

•      Uday Prakash - Tirich, Mohan Das

Gadya Khand (Prose)

•      Hazar Raston ki Ek Rah - Premchand

•      Bazar Darshan - Jainendra Kumar

•      Kaale Megha Pani De - Dharmvir Bharati

•      Pahelwan ki Dholak - Fanishwarnath Renu

•      Charli Chaplin Yani Hum Sab - Vishnu Khare

•      Nanak Singh ki Aatmakatha - Nanak Singh

•      Shram Vibhajan aur Jati Pratha - B.R. Ambedkar

•      Meri Amma - Mannu Bhandari

Section D: Vitan Bhag 2 (Supplementary Reader) - 20 Marks

•      Silver Wedding - Manohar Shyam Joshi

•      Jujh - Anand Yadav (Marathi, translated)

•      Ateet Mein Dabe Pair - Om Thanvi

•      Diary ke Panne - Anne Frank (translated)

Hindi Elective Complete Syllabus 2026-27

Section A: Apathit Bodh - 20 Marks

•      Two unseen passages: one prose and one poetry

•      Higher-level comprehension, inference and literary appreciation questions

•      Questions also test grammar in context: sandhi, samas, vakya shudhi

Section B: Hindi Bhasha aur Sahitya ka Itihas - 10 Marks

•      History of Hindi literature: Adi Kaal, Bhakti Kaal, Riti Kaal, Adhunik Kaal

•      Key literary movements: Chhayavad, Pragativad, Prayogvad, Nayi Kavita

•      Important authors and their works from each period

Section C and D: Antra Bhag 2 - 50 Marks

Kavya Khand (Poetry) - 25 Marks

•      Suryakant Tripathi Nirala - Geet Gaane Do Mujhe, Saryuj Ke Tatpurush

•      Sumitranandan Pant - Sona Ugal Rahi Champa

•      Mahadevi Verma - Kavitayen

•      Ramdhari Singh Dinkar - Urvashi (selected)

•      Agyeya - Kavitayen

•      Tulsidas - Kavitayen (Ramcharitmanas, Vinay Patrika)

•      Kabir - Sakhiyan aur Sabad

•      Mirabai - Padavali

Gadya Khand (Prose) - 25 Marks

•      Premchand - Sadgati

•      Jaishankar Prasad - Gandh Pasari

•      Mohan Rakesh - Aadhe Adhure (drama)

•      Krishnaswamy Subramanian - selected essays

•      Hazari Prasad Dwivedi - Nibandh

•      Satyajit Ray - selected stories (translated)

Section E: Antral Bhag 2 (Supplementary) - 20 Marks

•      Suraj ka Satvan Ghoda - Dharamvir Bharati (novel excerpts)

•      Ek Kahani Yeh Bhi - Mannu Bhandari

•      Dusra Devdas - selected passages

•      Biskoot - selected passages

Important Dates 2026-27

Verify all dates on cbse.gov.in before the exam season.

Section-Wise Priority at a Glance

Study Tips for CBSE Class 12 Hindi

1. Master Karya Vyavharik Hindi First

•      Functional writing carries 20 marks and has a fixed, learnable format

•      Memorise the exact format for Patra, Suchna, Avedan, Sandesh and Vigyapan

•      Practise writing at least 2 examples of each format before the exam

2. Read All Textbook Chapters Carefully

•      Aroh and Vitan are the primary scoring sections in theory

•      Read every prose chapter and poem at least twice, then make point-wise summaries

•      Know the author's name, theme, literary style and key lines for every text

3. Practice Apathit Bodh Regularly

•      Unseen passages carry 16 marks in Core and 20 marks in Elective

•      Read Hindi newspapers or magazines to build reading speed and comprehension

•      Practice answering in complete Hindi sentences without translating from English

4. Prepare Short Notes for Every Chapter

•      For each poem: theme, poet's intent, key images and 2-3 important lines

•      For each prose chapter: summary in 10 lines, characters, key message

•      These notes are essential for quick revision in the last 2 weeks before exams

Scoring Tips for the Board Exam

•      Attempt Karya Vyavharik Hindi first, formats are fixed and marks are easy to secure

•      For poetry questions, always mention the poet's name and context before explaining

•      In Apathit Bodh, answer only from the passage, do not add outside knowledge

•      Write answers in clear, correct Hindi, spelling mistakes reduce marks

•      For Vitan chapters, write character analysis and theme with supporting lines from text

•      In long answer questions, write an introduction, 3-4 main points and conclusion

•      Use literary terms like Alankaar, Ras, Chhand where relevant in poetry answers

•      Leave 10 minutes at the end to review short answers and check spellings

Common Mistakes to Avoid

•      Not following the format in Patra and Suchna Lekhan, format marks are non-negotiable

•      Mixing up authors and their works, always verify: poem name with poet name

•      Writing answers in a mix of Hindi and English, write entirely in shuddh Hindi

•      Skipping Vitan Bhag 2 chapters as they carry 20 marks and appear every year

•      Not practising Apathit Bodh passages, students underperform in this section

•      Writing summaries instead of theme-based analysis in poetry long answers

•      Ignoring internal assessment (20 marks in Core), complete all components on time

•      Not learning key lines from poems, direct quote questions lose marks without this

Best Resources for Preparation

•      NCERT Hindi: Aroh Bhag 2, Vitan Bhag 2 (Core) or Antra Bhag 2, Antral Bhag 2 (Elective)

•      CBSE Sample Papers 2026-27 on cbseacademic.nic.in, practise full papers under timed conditions

•      CBSE Question Bank: section-wise functional writing and comprehension practice

•      Previous Year CBSE Papers (7 years): identify repeated chapters and question formats

•      Hindi newspapers like Dainik Bhaskar or Hindustan for Apathit Bodh practice

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. What is the difference between Hindi Core and Hindi Elective?

Hindi Core (Code 302) carries 80 marks in theory and 20 marks in internal assessment. Hindi Elective (Code 922) carries 100 marks in theory with no internal assessment. Elective has a higher literary focus including history of Hindi literature.

Q2. Which textbooks are prescribed for Hindi Core Class 12?

Hindi Core uses Aroh Bhag 2 (main reader with poetry and prose) and Vitan Bhag 2 (supplementary reader). Both are published by NCERT.

Q3. How many marks does functional writing carry in Hindi Core?

Section B (Karya Vyavharik Hindi) carries 20 marks in Hindi Core. It includes letter writing, notice, message, advertisement and paragraph or short story writing.

Q4. Is grammar separately tested in CBSE Class 12 Hindi?

In Hindi Core, grammar is tested within the functional writing section. In Hindi Elective, grammar is tested in context within the unseen passage section. There is no separate grammar section in Class 12.

Q5. Is NCERT enough to score 90+ in Class 12 Hindi?

Yes. NCERT textbooks are the primary resource. Read all chapters thoroughly, practise functional writing formats and solve CBSE sample papers to comfortably score 90+ in Hindi.

Disclaimer: This content is based on the official CBSE Hindi curriculum. Always verify the latest syllabus on cbse.gov.in as CBSE may update it.